Моральні аспекти соціального служіння пастиря в ідеях В. Ф. Певницького

Анотація

Стаття присвячена ретроспективному аналізу ключових принципів та особливостей соціального служіння (благодіяння) священника у творчості професора Київської духовної академії В. Ф. Певницького. Проаналізовано відмінності між діяльністю вчителя й пастиря. Визначено можливі сфери благочинної діяльності, які сприяють розвитку спільноти в громадянському суспільстві. Продемонстровано, що ідеї соціального служіння пастиря виходять із принципової людиноцентричності, милосердя й соборності та є антропологічно спрямованими.

The article is devoted to a retrospective analysis of the key principles and features of the social service (charity) of the priest in the ideas of Professor of the Kyiv Theological Academy V. F. Pevnyts’ky. The differences between the activities of a teacher and a pastor are analyzed. Possible areas of charitable activity that contribute to the development of the community in civil society are shown. It has been shown that the ideas of the pastor’s social ministry are based on the principle of human-centeredness, mercy and catholicity and are anthropologically oriented. The activities of the pastor should be free, creative and relaxed. The main subject of attention for the pastor should be the religious and moral condition of the people. The educational work of the priest in order to eradicate superstition and ignorance, as well as overcoming indifference towards other people. It is emphasized  that the social activity of the priest in various spheres of life is very important. The main qualities in his ministry should be charity and sacrifice to overcome alienation between people. It is important to show both material and spiritual charity. The author emphasizes that any person must learn to perceive regardless of his social status and to be considered as the highest value. The article outlines the main areas of the priest’s social work – with the sick, with prisoners, with the disadvantaged, enemies and addicts. Moral guidance is a special kind of service that requires special attention and responsibility from the priest.