ORTHODOX MILITARY CHAPLAINCY IN UKRAINE:HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT, CANONICAL AND LEGAL FOUNDATIONS,AND CONTEMPORARY CHALLENGES

Abstract

The article examines the historical formation of Orthodox military chaplaincy in Ukraine, its canonical and legal foundations, and the contemporary challenges it faces. The evolution of this ministry is traced from the early forms of pastoral care for soldiers to modern institutional structures within the armed forces, demonstrating the continuity of church traditions and their adaptation to new social realities. The canonical foundations of chaplaincy are revealed, its legitimacy within both ecclesiastical and state law is defined, and the legal status, competence, and duties of military chaplains are outlined. The study analyzes key documents regulating the activity of military clergy in ecclesiastical and governmental contexts. Particular attention is given to the current problems and challenges facing the chaplaincy institution amid the Russian military aggression, including insufficient training of chaplains, difficulties in interaction with military units, and limited material support. The article emphasizes the need for a systematic approach to overcoming these challenges, involving the improvement of resource provision, the organization of psychological support, and the enhancement of public awareness regarding the significance of chaplaincy. The role of the Orthodox chaplain in providing spiritual support to servicemen and strengthening the moral condition of the army is outlined. It is shown that the effectiveness of pastoral ministry in the military environment depends on the theological, psychological, and organizational preparedness of the chaplain. The findings have both scholarly and practical significance for improving modern forms of pastoral care in the Armed Forces of Ukraine.