«Святість» у тексті четвертої стихири на «Господи, взиваю…» на Великій вечірні у свято Введення у храм Пресвятої Богородиці

Анотація

У статті презентовані результати здійсненого богословсько-лінгвістичного аналізу тексту четвертої стихири на «Господи, взиваю…» на великій вечірні у свято Введення у храм Пресвятої Богородиці, продемонстровано, як слова або одне слово із коренем -свят- (-свяч-) в одному реченні (тексті) виконують різні лексико-семантичні та морфологічно-синтаксичні функції, змодельовано структуру лексико-семантичного й асоціативного поля «святість».

The article presents the results of the theological-linguistic analysis of the text of the fourth stykhyrа for «Lord, I have cried» at the great vespers on the holiday of the Entry of the Most Holy Theotokos into the temple, demonstrating how words or one word with the root of word -свят- / -свяч- (-sviat- / -sviach-) in one sentence (texts) perform various lexicalsemantic and morphologicalsyntactic functions, the structure of the lexical-semantic and associative field «sanctity» is modeled. In the studied text, the units of the lexical level of the Ukrainian language with the root of word -свят- / -свяч- (-sviat- / -sviach-), belonging to the following thematic groups, form the lexical-semantic and associative field «sanctity»: 1) the name of a part of the Old Testament temple (святеє святих, sviateie sviatykh, Holy of Holies); 2) name of the Mother of God (Свята, Sviata, Saint); 3) the name of the Third Hypostasis of the Holy Trinity (Дух Святий, Dukh Sviatyi, Holy Spirit); 4) epithets for God, [angels], temple (святий Бог, sviatyi Boh, holy God; [святий] ангел, [sviatyi] anhel, [holy] angel; найсвятіший храм, naisviatishyi khram, most holy temple); 5) the name of God’s sanctifying action (освячувати, osviachuvaty, sanctify). Named words and fixed (terminological) word combinations with the root of word -свят- / -свяч- (-sviat- / -sviach-), are formally expressed by such parts of speech as an adjective (also a substantive adjective) and a verb, perform the functions of a subject (Свята, Sviata, Saint), a predicate (освячувати, osviachuvaty, sanctifies), an adjunct in a sentence (Дух Святий, Dukh Sviatyi, Holy Spirit), an adverb (святеє святих, sviateie sviatykh, Holy of Holies) and an attribute (святий Бог, sviatyi Boh, holy God; [святий] ангел, [sviatyi] anhel, [holy] angel; найсвятіший храм, naisviatishyi khram, most holy temple). From a semantic-syntactic point of view, it is a subject of action (Дух Святий, Dukh Sviatyi, Holy Spirit), object of action (Свята, Sviata, Saint), predicate (освячувати, osviachuvaty, sanctifies), adverbial (святеє святих, sviateie sviatykh, Holy of Holies), attribute (святий Бог, sviatyi Boh, holy God; [святий] ангел, [sviatyi] anhel, [holy] angel; найсвятіший храм, naisviatishyi khram, most holy temple), with therefore, the functions of the subject and the subject of the action, as well as the direct object and the object of the action, provided there is a predicate (predicate) expressed by a verb in the Passive voice (вводиться, vvodytsia, introduced), are not correlated with the same word. It is worth paying attention to such syntactic features when translating religious texts, in particular liturgical ones, from ancient Greek and Church Slavonic into Ukrainian, in which active verbs predominate and in sentences the function of the subject correlates with the subject of the action, and the object correlates with the object of action. The main theological idea contained in the analyzed text is that the Most Holy Theotokos enters the holiest place of the Old Testament Jerusalem temple as a place of God’s special presence, in order to later Herself become a place of residence (dwelling, temple) from conception to the birth of the Son of God – the Lord God and our Savior Jesus Christ. Key words: liturgical sub-style, liturgical text, Entry of the Most Holy Theotokos into the Temple, great vespers, religious style, sanctity, stykhyrа.